No, this programmatic option is not available in the Google my business interface. On the other hand, if you automate the logical link between your website and the Google my business posts/articles, when you schedule the publication of your article on your website, it will immediately be published on Google my business.
So the scheduling isn’t done via Google my business, but in my method via the website. I explain all this in my method, and all the modules / plug-ins you can install (free or paid) to be effective on Google my profile.